Review



human colorectal cancer cell line caco 2  (ATCC)


Bioz Verified Symbol ATCC is a verified supplier
Bioz Manufacturer Symbol ATCC manufactures this product  
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
  • 99

    Structured Review

    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell line caco 2
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Caco 2, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 15300 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/Caco-2/10__1016_slash_j__afres__2026__102642-189-1-11
    Average 99 stars, based on 15300 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell line caco 2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    99/100 stars

    Images

    Related Articles

    Functional Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Biomarker Discovery:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Reverse Transcription:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Quantitative RT-PCR:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Immunohistochemical staining:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Microarray:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Gene Expression:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Methylation:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Derivative Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Western Blot:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Two Tailed Test:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Cotransfection:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Plasmid Preparation:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Knockdown:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Control:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Negative Control:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Transfection:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Mutagenesis:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    In Vitro:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Flow Cytometry:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Quantitative Proteomics:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Fluorescence:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Immunofluorescence:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Marker:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    RNA Sequencing:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Generated:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    MANN-WHITNEY:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Comparison:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

    Transformation Assay:

    Article Title: Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals glycolysis heterogeneity and NEK6-mediated progression in colorectal cancer
    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480), and human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) were sourced from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).



    Similar Products

    99
    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell line caco 2
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Caco 2, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/Caco-2/10__1016_slash_j__afres__2026__102642-189-1-11
    Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell line caco 2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    99/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    98
    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell lines sw620
    KU55933 reverses TGF-β1-induced EMT phenotype and biomarker expression in CRC cells. (A, B) Phase-contrast images showing the morphological changes in <t>SW620</t> and HT29 cells indicated that TGF-β1 induced a spindle-shaped, mesenchymal-like morphology, which was prevented by co-treatment with KU55933. Scale bar: 100 µm. (C-F) Western blot analysis of mesenchymal markers in SW620 and HT29 cells under the indicated treatments for 48 hours. GAPDH served as the loading control. KU55933 suppressed N-cadherin and Vimentin levels induced by TGF-β1. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Sw620, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/SW620/pmc13634938-35-1-11
    Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell lines sw620 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    98/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    99
    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell lines sw480
    ACLY activity regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. (A) Transcript levels of ACLY and MDR1 (ABCB1) in colorectal cancer (red) and normal colon tissues (grey) analyzed using GEPIA (TCGA/GTEx datasets). (B) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in <t>SW480</t> and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (20 or 50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells transduced with empty vector (pLV) or ACLY-overexpressing vector (pLV[Exp]-hACLY). (D) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells treated with BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (E) Relative ABCB1 mRNA levels in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells, and in cells treated with BMS-303141. (F) Relative ACLY mRNA levels under the same conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 unless otherwise indicated). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Sw480, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/SW480/pmc13142016-33-0-14
    Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell lines sw480 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    99/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    98
    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell lines
    ACLY activity regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. (A) Transcript levels of ACLY and MDR1 (ABCB1) in colorectal cancer (red) and normal colon tissues (grey) analyzed using GEPIA (TCGA/GTEx datasets). (B) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in <t>SW480</t> and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (20 or 50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells transduced with empty vector (pLV) or ACLY-overexpressing vector (pLV[Exp]-hACLY). (D) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells treated with BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (E) Relative ABCB1 mRNA levels in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells, and in cells treated with BMS-303141. (F) Relative ACLY mRNA levels under the same conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 unless otherwise indicated). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/SW620/pm42250753-47-0-35
    Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell lines - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    98/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    99
    ATCC human colorectal cancer cell line sw480
    ACLY activity regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. (A) Transcript levels of ACLY and MDR1 (ABCB1) in colorectal cancer (red) and normal colon tissues (grey) analyzed using GEPIA (TCGA/GTEx datasets). (B) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in <t>SW480</t> and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (20 or 50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells transduced with empty vector (pLV) or ACLY-overexpressing vector (pLV[Exp]-hACLY). (D) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells treated with BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (E) Relative ABCB1 mRNA levels in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells, and in cells treated with BMS-303141. (F) Relative ACLY mRNA levels under the same conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 unless otherwise indicated). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
    Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Sw480, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+colorectal+cancer+cell+lines/SW480/pm42217700-132-19-29
    Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human colorectal cancer cell line sw480 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    99/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    KU55933 reverses TGF-β1-induced EMT phenotype and biomarker expression in CRC cells. (A, B) Phase-contrast images showing the morphological changes in SW620 and HT29 cells indicated that TGF-β1 induced a spindle-shaped, mesenchymal-like morphology, which was prevented by co-treatment with KU55933. Scale bar: 100 µm. (C-F) Western blot analysis of mesenchymal markers in SW620 and HT29 cells under the indicated treatments for 48 hours. GAPDH served as the loading control. KU55933 suppressed N-cadherin and Vimentin levels induced by TGF-β1. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: KU55933 reverses TGF-β1-induced EMT phenotype and biomarker expression in CRC cells. (A, B) Phase-contrast images showing the morphological changes in SW620 and HT29 cells indicated that TGF-β1 induced a spindle-shaped, mesenchymal-like morphology, which was prevented by co-treatment with KU55933. Scale bar: 100 µm. (C-F) Western blot analysis of mesenchymal markers in SW620 and HT29 cells under the indicated treatments for 48 hours. GAPDH served as the loading control. KU55933 suppressed N-cadherin and Vimentin levels induced by TGF-β1. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Expressing, Phase Contrast, Morphology, Western Blot, Analysis, Control

    ATM inhibitor inhibits EMT process of colorectal cancer by inhibiting the activation of AKT. (A, B) The volcano plot visualized the genes that were significantly changed (|log2FC| > 1 and adjusted P < 0.05) in SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1 plus KU55933, compared with TGF-β1 alone. (C, D) Exploratory KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes identified significant enrichment of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in both SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1 plus KU55933 compared with TGF-β1 alone. These enrichment findings were used to guide subsequent protein-level evaluation. (E-H) Western blot analysis of key signaling molecules and EMT-related transcription factors in SW620 and HT29 cells treated as indicated for 48 hours. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ATM inhibitor inhibits EMT process of colorectal cancer by inhibiting the activation of AKT. (A, B) The volcano plot visualized the genes that were significantly changed (|log2FC| > 1 and adjusted P < 0.05) in SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1 plus KU55933, compared with TGF-β1 alone. (C, D) Exploratory KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes identified significant enrichment of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in both SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1 plus KU55933 compared with TGF-β1 alone. These enrichment findings were used to guide subsequent protein-level evaluation. (E-H) Western blot analysis of key signaling molecules and EMT-related transcription factors in SW620 and HT29 cells treated as indicated for 48 hours. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Analysis, Western Blot

    SC79 partially reverses the inhibitory effects of ATM inhibitors on EMT-associated phenotypes. (A) Representative phase-contrast images of SW620 and HT29 cells under the indicated treatment conditions. SW620 and HT29 cells were treated for 48 and 72 h, respectively. SC79 partially restored the mesenchymal-like morphology suppressed by KU55933 or KU60019 under TGF-β1-induced EMT conditions. (B, C) Representative images and quantitative analysis of wound-healing scratch assays at 0, 24, and 48 h. SC79 partially restored the wound-closure capacity reduced by KU55933 or KU60019. T, TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL); KU55, KU55933 (10 μM); KU60, KU60019 (10 μM); SC79, AKT activator 4 μg/mL. All compounds within each combination group were added simultaneously. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: SC79 partially reverses the inhibitory effects of ATM inhibitors on EMT-associated phenotypes. (A) Representative phase-contrast images of SW620 and HT29 cells under the indicated treatment conditions. SW620 and HT29 cells were treated for 48 and 72 h, respectively. SC79 partially restored the mesenchymal-like morphology suppressed by KU55933 or KU60019 under TGF-β1-induced EMT conditions. (B, C) Representative images and quantitative analysis of wound-healing scratch assays at 0, 24, and 48 h. SC79 partially restored the wound-closure capacity reduced by KU55933 or KU60019. T, TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL); KU55, KU55933 (10 μM); KU60, KU60019 (10 μM); SC79, AKT activator 4 μg/mL. All compounds within each combination group were added simultaneously. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Phase Contrast, Morphology, Analysis

    ATM inhibitors suppress migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. (A, B) Representative images and quantification of wound healing scratch assays in SW620 and HT29 cells indicated that KU55933 and KU60019 significantly impeded TGF-β1 enhanced cell migration. (C-F) Representative images and quantitative analysis of Matrigel Transwell invasion assays showing that KU55933 and KU60019 significantly reduced the invasive capacity of SW620 and HT29 cells. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ATM inhibitors suppress migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. (A, B) Representative images and quantification of wound healing scratch assays in SW620 and HT29 cells indicated that KU55933 and KU60019 significantly impeded TGF-β1 enhanced cell migration. (C-F) Representative images and quantitative analysis of Matrigel Transwell invasion assays showing that KU55933 and KU60019 significantly reduced the invasive capacity of SW620 and HT29 cells. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Migration, Analysis

    ATM inhibitor induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. (A-D) Flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis in SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1, KU55933, KU60019, or TGF-β1 combined with either KU55933 or KU60019 for 48 hours. The bar graph quantifies the percentage of apoptotic cells. Co-treatment with KU55933 or KU60019 significantly increased the apoptotic rate compared to single-agent or control groups. (E-H) Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related protein PARP in cells under the same treatment conditions. Enhanced cleavage of PARP was observed in groups treated with KU55933 or KU60019, with the strongest effect seen in the groups where TGF-β1 was combined with either ATM inhibitor, indicating potent activation of the apoptotic pathway. β-actin served as the loading control. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ATM inhibitor induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. (A-D) Flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis in SW620 and HT29 cells treated with TGF-β1, KU55933, KU60019, or TGF-β1 combined with either KU55933 or KU60019 for 48 hours. The bar graph quantifies the percentage of apoptotic cells. Co-treatment with KU55933 or KU60019 significantly increased the apoptotic rate compared to single-agent or control groups. (E-H) Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related protein PARP in cells under the same treatment conditions. Enhanced cleavage of PARP was observed in groups treated with KU55933 or KU60019, with the strongest effect seen in the groups where TGF-β1 was combined with either ATM inhibitor, indicating potent activation of the apoptotic pathway. β-actin served as the loading control. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Analysis, Control, Western Blot, Activation Assay

    ATM inhibitors reduce colorectal cancer cell viability and xenograft growth. (A, B) MTT assays showing the relative viability of SW620 and HT29 cells after the indicated treatments for 12 or 48 h. (C) Representative xenograft tumors collected from the vehicle-control, KU55933, and KU60019 groups (n = 6 mice per group). (D) Endpoint tumor volumes in the three experimental groups. (E, F) Immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Ki-67 expression in xenograft tumor tissues. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

    Article Title: The ATM inhibitor KU55933 inhibits TGF-β1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells

    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1879298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ATM inhibitors reduce colorectal cancer cell viability and xenograft growth. (A, B) MTT assays showing the relative viability of SW620 and HT29 cells after the indicated treatments for 12 or 48 h. (C) Representative xenograft tumors collected from the vehicle-control, KU55933, and KU60019 groups (n = 6 mice per group). (D) Endpoint tumor volumes in the three experimental groups. (E, F) Immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Ki-67 expression in xenograft tumor tissues. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).

    Article Snippet: The human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and HT29 purchased from ATCC were used in the study.

    Techniques: Xenograft Assay, Control, Immunohistochemical staining, Analysis, Expressing

    ACLY activity regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. (A) Transcript levels of ACLY and MDR1 (ABCB1) in colorectal cancer (red) and normal colon tissues (grey) analyzed using GEPIA (TCGA/GTEx datasets). (B) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (20 or 50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells transduced with empty vector (pLV) or ACLY-overexpressing vector (pLV[Exp]-hACLY). (D) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells treated with BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (E) Relative ABCB1 mRNA levels in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells, and in cells treated with BMS-303141. (F) Relative ACLY mRNA levels under the same conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 unless otherwise indicated). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Journal: Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

    Article Title: Metabolic regulation of histone acetylation by ACLY supports MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer and highlights a targetable vulnerability

    doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101314

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ACLY activity regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. (A) Transcript levels of ACLY and MDR1 (ABCB1) in colorectal cancer (red) and normal colon tissues (grey) analyzed using GEPIA (TCGA/GTEx datasets). (B) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (20 or 50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells transduced with empty vector (pLV) or ACLY-overexpressing vector (pLV[Exp]-hACLY). (D) Immunoblot analysis of ACLY and MDR1 in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells treated with BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (E) Relative ABCB1 mRNA levels in control and ACLY-overexpressing cells, and in cells treated with BMS-303141. (F) Relative ACLY mRNA levels under the same conditions. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 unless otherwise indicated). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 (KRASG12V) and DLD1 (KRASG13D) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Transduction, Plasmid Preparation, Control, Two Tailed Test

    ACLY activity modulates histone acetylation and MDR1 expression. (A) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (VOR; 0.5 μM for SW480 and 3.5 μM for DLD1) or DMSO for 24 h. Representative blots and densitometric quantification relative to control are shown. (B) Immunoblot analysis of acetylated histone H3 (H3K9ac) and histone H4 (H4K16ac) in SW480 wild-type (WT) and ACLY-overexpressing (OE) cells treated with vehicle or the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of H3K9ac and H4K16ac in DLD1 cells under the same conditions. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Journal: Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

    Article Title: Metabolic regulation of histone acetylation by ACLY supports MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer and highlights a targetable vulnerability

    doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101314

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ACLY activity modulates histone acetylation and MDR1 expression. (A) Immunoblot analysis of MDR1 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (VOR; 0.5 μM for SW480 and 3.5 μM for DLD1) or DMSO for 24 h. Representative blots and densitometric quantification relative to control are shown. (B) Immunoblot analysis of acetylated histone H3 (H3K9ac) and histone H4 (H4K16ac) in SW480 wild-type (WT) and ACLY-overexpressing (OE) cells treated with vehicle or the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (50 μM, 48 h). (C) Immunoblot analysis of H3K9ac and H4K16ac in DLD1 cells under the same conditions. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 (KRASG12V) and DLD1 (KRASG13D) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Histone Deacetylase Assay, Control, Two Tailed Test

    ACLY expression is associated with resistance-related transcriptional programs in colorectal cancer. (A) Correlation analysis between ACLY expression and a gene set associated with lipid metabolism (ACLY, ACSS2, ACSS1, FASN, SREBP1) and drug transport pathways (ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCG5, EpCAM, CD24) in colorectal cancer samples using GEPIA2 (TCGA dataset). (B) Schematic representation of a proposed model linking ACLY-dependent acetyl-CoA production to histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation in CRC cells. (C) Relative mRNA expression of EpCAM, ABCC2, and CD24 in SW480 and DLD1 cells overexpressing ACLY compared with empty vector controls. (D) Relative mRNA expression of EpCAM, ABCC2, and CD24 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (50 μM) compared with vehicle-treated controls. Gene expression levels were determined by qPCR and normalized to ACTB. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Journal: Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

    Article Title: Metabolic regulation of histone acetylation by ACLY supports MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer and highlights a targetable vulnerability

    doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101314

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ACLY expression is associated with resistance-related transcriptional programs in colorectal cancer. (A) Correlation analysis between ACLY expression and a gene set associated with lipid metabolism (ACLY, ACSS2, ACSS1, FASN, SREBP1) and drug transport pathways (ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCG5, EpCAM, CD24) in colorectal cancer samples using GEPIA2 (TCGA dataset). (B) Schematic representation of a proposed model linking ACLY-dependent acetyl-CoA production to histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation in CRC cells. (C) Relative mRNA expression of EpCAM, ABCC2, and CD24 in SW480 and DLD1 cells overexpressing ACLY compared with empty vector controls. (D) Relative mRNA expression of EpCAM, ABCC2, and CD24 in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with the ACLY inhibitor BMS-303141 (50 μM) compared with vehicle-treated controls. Gene expression levels were determined by qPCR and normalized to ACTB. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 (KRASG12V) and DLD1 (KRASG13D) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling.

    Techniques: Expressing, Drug Transport Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Gene Expression, Two Tailed Test

    Vitamin C induces coordinated changes in metabolic and chromatin-associated pathways in colorectal cancer cells. (A) Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of proteins differentially expressed following vitamin C treatment (5 mM, 4 h). (B) Volcano plot showing significantly upregulated and downregulated proteins (log₂ fold change > 1, p < 0.05). (C) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighting pathways related to chromatin organization, DNA replication, nucleotide metabolism, and cell cycle regulation. (D) GO Cellular Component analysis showing enrichment of chromatin-associated complexes, including transcription regulator complexes, histone acetyltransferase-containing complexes, and Polycomb group (PcG) assemblies. (E) Heatmap representation of differentially expressed chromatin-associated proteins in control and vitamin C-treated cells. Proteomic analysis was performed in SW480 and DLD1 cells using label-free LC–MS/MS (diaPASEF). Data represent combined analysis of both cell lines.

    Journal: Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

    Article Title: Metabolic regulation of histone acetylation by ACLY supports MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer and highlights a targetable vulnerability

    doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101314

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Vitamin C induces coordinated changes in metabolic and chromatin-associated pathways in colorectal cancer cells. (A) Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of proteins differentially expressed following vitamin C treatment (5 mM, 4 h). (B) Volcano plot showing significantly upregulated and downregulated proteins (log₂ fold change > 1, p < 0.05). (C) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighting pathways related to chromatin organization, DNA replication, nucleotide metabolism, and cell cycle regulation. (D) GO Cellular Component analysis showing enrichment of chromatin-associated complexes, including transcription regulator complexes, histone acetyltransferase-containing complexes, and Polycomb group (PcG) assemblies. (E) Heatmap representation of differentially expressed chromatin-associated proteins in control and vitamin C-treated cells. Proteomic analysis was performed in SW480 and DLD1 cells using label-free LC–MS/MS (diaPASEF). Data represent combined analysis of both cell lines.

    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 (KRASG12V) and DLD1 (KRASG13D) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling.

    Techniques: Control, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy, Data-independent acquisition

    Metabolic and epigenetic consequences of vitamin C treatment in colorectal cancer cells. (A) Quantification of ¹³C-glucose-derived citrate in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with vitamin C (5 mM) for 4 h (n = 3). (B) Immunoblot analysis of total ACLY and phosphorylated ACLY at Ser455 following vitamin C treatment (5 mM) (n = 3). (C) Immunoblot analysis and quantification of acetylated histone H4 (AcH4K16) and histone H3 (AcH3K9) in SW480 and DLD1 cells after vitamin C exposure (n = 3). (D) MDR1 (ABCB1) protein levels in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with vitamin C (5 mM), quantified relative to vehicle control (n = 3). (E) Relative ACLY and ABCB1 mRNA expression determined by qPCR after 6 h of vitamin C treatment (5 mM) in SW480 and DLD1 cells (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Journal: Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)

    Article Title: Metabolic regulation of histone acetylation by ACLY supports MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer and highlights a targetable vulnerability

    doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101314

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Metabolic and epigenetic consequences of vitamin C treatment in colorectal cancer cells. (A) Quantification of ¹³C-glucose-derived citrate in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with vitamin C (5 mM) for 4 h (n = 3). (B) Immunoblot analysis of total ACLY and phosphorylated ACLY at Ser455 following vitamin C treatment (5 mM) (n = 3). (C) Immunoblot analysis and quantification of acetylated histone H4 (AcH4K16) and histone H3 (AcH3K9) in SW480 and DLD1 cells after vitamin C exposure (n = 3). (D) MDR1 (ABCB1) protein levels in SW480 and DLD1 cells treated with vitamin C (5 mM), quantified relative to vehicle control (n = 3). (E) Relative ACLY and ABCB1 mRNA expression determined by qPCR after 6 h of vitamin C treatment (5 mM) in SW480 and DLD1 cells (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 (KRASG12V) and DLD1 (KRASG13D) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling.

    Techniques: Derivative Assay, Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Two Tailed Test